Mr Bagel Video: Jewish Life Series

Tuesday, May 15, 2007

Jewish life in Kovno, Riga, and Lvov 1929

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Jewish life in Kovno, Riga, and Lvov 1929

[No Audio] Kovno ,also known as: Kaunas (Lithuanian) Kovna, Kovne
Between 1920 and 1939, Kovno (Kaunas), located in central Lithuania, was the country's capital and largest city. It had a Jewish population of 35,000-40,000, about one-fourth of the city's total population. Jews were concentrated in the city's commercial, artisan, and professional sectors.

Kovno was also a center of Jewish learning. The yeshiva in Slobodka, an impoverished district of the city, was one of Europe's most prestigious institutions of higher Jewish learning. Kovno had a rich and varied Jewish culture. The city had almost 100 Jewish organizations, 40 synagogues, many Yiddish schools, 4 Hebrew high schools, a Jewish hospital, and scores of Jewish-owned businesses. It was also an important Zionist center.
Riga :
After the Germans invaded Riga, the balance of political power was destabilized and again Jews were reproached. The peace which followed would be short lived, as the rise of Hitler loomed forebodingly on the political horizon.
When the Red Army entered Riga in June 1940, many Jews scrambled to the USSR, for faith in the West was lost. During this period, Jewish leaders were arrested and deported to Siberia and never returned.

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Jewish life Kolbuszowa 1930 [II]

Jewish Life in Kolbuszowa 1930

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Jewish life Kolbuszowa 1930 [II]

Before World War II, Kolbuszowa was mostly inhabited by Jews. During the war, German troops burned down a part of the city and about half of the Jewish population perished. After World War II, Kolbuszowa was rebuilt. New school districts were created, as well as a library and Museum of Culture.

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Jewish life Kolbuszowa 1930 [I]

Jewish Life in Kolbuszowa 1930

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Jewish life Kolbuszowa 1930 [I]

Kolbuszowa is a small city in south-eastern Poland, with 8,800 inhabitants.

Jewish life Lithuania 1920

Jewish Life in Lithuania 1920

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Jewish Life in Lithuania 1920

[No Audio] - Lithuanian Jews ,in Yiddish Litvish, are Ashkenazi Jews who were historically associated with Lithuania.

Lithuanian Jews are almost all Ashkenazi Jews and many are Misnagdim who were opposed to the new inroads of Hasidism.
Lithuania was historically home to a large and influential Jewish community that was almost entirely eliminated during the Holocaust.
The Lithuanian Republic was occupied by Soviet Union in 1940, and soon afterwards captured by the Nazis. During World War II, the Nazis killed around 91% of Lithuanian Jews, almost all the Jews who had not managed to leave Lithuania and its environs. This was one of the highest casualty rates in the Holocaust.
The only European yeshiva to survive the Holocaust was the Mir yeshiva. With help of the Japanese consul in Kaunas Chiune Sugihara, its leaders and students managed to escape to the Shanghai ghetto. [Text as per Youtube uploader ]

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Jewish life Vilna 1939

Jewish Life in Vilna 1939

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Jewish Life in Vilna 1939

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Jewish life in Lviv [Lemburg], 1939

Jewish Life in Lviv 1939

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Jewish Life in Lviv [Lemburg] 1939

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Jewish life Bialystock 1939

Jewish Life in Bialystock 1939

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Jewish Life in Bialystock 1939

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Warsaw Ghetto uprising, April 1943

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Warsaw Ghetto uprising, April 1943

In January 1943, Warsaw ghetto fighters fired upon German troops as they tried to round up another group of ghetto inhabitants for deportation. Fighters used a small supply of weapons that had been smuggled into the ghetto. After a few days, the troops retreated. This small victory inspired the ghetto fighters to prepare for future resistance.

On April 19, 1943, the Warsaw ghetto uprising began after German troops and police entered the ghetto to deport its surviving inhabitants. Seven hundred and fifty fighters fought the heavily armed and well-trained Germans.
The ghetto fighters were able to hold out for nearly a month, but on May 16, 1943, the revolt ended. The Germans had slowly crushed the resistance. (more)
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Warsaw Ghetto 1942

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Warsaw Ghetto 1942

[No Audio] - The first phase of the Final Solution was Operation Reinhard, with the goal of destroying the Jews of Poland. Construction started on the Treblinka extermination camp in May of 1942, and it was completed in July, when the wholesale liquidation of the Warsaw Ghetto was to begin.

On July 22, 1942, the Judenrat was informed that all Jews except those working in German factories, Jewish hospital staff, members of the Judenrat and their families, and members of the Jewish police force and their families would be "deported to the East".
As ordered on July 22, 1942, mass deportations of the inhabitants started; in the next 52 days (until September 21, 1942) about 300,000 people were taken to the Treblinka extermination camp. During the remaining days of July, the Jewish Ghetto Police were responsible for carrying out the deportations, a total of 64,606 Jews were transported to the death camps that month. From August onward, the Germans and their allies took a more direct role in the deportations, with over 135,000 Jews deported in August alone.(more)
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